Senemoğlu, N.(2001); ‘‘Children’s Rights, Working Children and Educational Problems’’, Milli Eğitim Magazine, No: 151, MEB Publications, Ankara, July-September, pp.1-12.

Number of Works Cited: 30

Scope:

Discussing the working children and their educational problems, this article comprises the following sections: Participation of Child Population to Education and Workforce in Turkey and Problems, General Educational Problems of Working Children and Proposals for Solution and Vocational Training Problems of Children Working in SMEs and Proposals for Solutions.

An Excerpt from the Article:

Moreover, while the number of female children employed in the city between the ages 15 and 19 were lower in 1991 and 1994 compared to male children in cities, in rural areas they were more than male in 1991 April, and near the number of male children in 1994 October. This may be due to the fact, as given above, that male in the cities are working mostly in the industry and in agriculture in rural areas. However, in 1997, employment ratios of female children between 15 and 19 are higher than male children both in urban and rural areas. It is even observed that employment of girls between 15 and 19 is higher than male children at a ratio of about 1/3. This may be an indicator that female children start working at earlier ages in urban and rural areas and may also be a result of female children being unable to continue with their education. Considering the schooling ratios of male and female children at these ages, there is a consistency between the findings.

Some Keywords:

apprentice training, child rights, child employment, globalisation

Sapancalı, F.(2002); ‘‘Child Labor With Regards Globalization and Efforts Aimed at its Elimination’’, Çimento İşveren Magazine, Volume:16, Issue No.4, Cement Producing Employers’ Union, Ankara, July.

Number of Works Cited: 11

Scope:

In this study discussing child labour, an issue that is expecting to receive immediate solution and that has to be a top priority in world agenda, first the basic dynamics increasing child labour with regard to globalization and then existing measures and efforts developed aimed at the elimination and protection of child employment are discussed.

An Excerpt from the Article:

Restructuring process of capital accumulation at the international level created some positive and negative effects particularly for developing nations. In line with some of the developing nations are offering suitable social environment possibilities for international capital accumulation, international capital has entered into these nations. Concentration of productive investments concentrating in under-developed nations caused the establishment of some important relationships. The most important of such forms of relationship are the international subcontracting relationships. Subcontracting is the transfer of certain parts of the product it produced itself to a unit outside the factory with a subcontract, and is based on the principle that harder and costlier parts of the production are caused to be made by units in other work spaces. (p.21)

Some Keywords:

child employment, globalisation, contract-out

Peker, M.(2000); ‘‘An Essay on Child Employment’’, Çalışma Ortamı Magazine, Issue No.53, November-December.

Number of Works Cited: –

Scope:

The subject of child labour has been discussed in the initial paragraphs with regard to demography. Source transfer and big transformation point, the two conceptual approaches, have been discussed. Then, mentioning the migration phenomenon in our country, causes of child labour are probed. Effects of migration from rural parts to cities are discussed.

An Excerpt from the Article:

When classification is made with these concepts, it is difficult that all families may be in the same form in any society. In other words, there may be families where there are two forms in the same society. Moreover, there might also be intermediary generation (transferring source to both children and parents) forms representing transition between two forms. What are important is where the majority of families is and their behavioral patterns within the transformation process. (p.2)

Some Keywords:

family, child employment, population science

Balamir, A.(1982); “Child Labour In Turkish Manifacturing Sector’’, Nüfusbilim Magazine, 1982, Volume: 4, p. 99-117.

Number of Works Cited: 11

Scope:

The study emphasises that although it is expected that child labour will be eliminated soon, there still is a huge amount of child labourers in the developing countries. The results from a survey conducted in 1979 was compared with the new ones and the dimensions of child labour in the non-agricultural sector is discussed. The main sectors that children are employed, the labour volumes in our industry, child labour in small scale enterprises and data about the volume of child labour in our country is given. Quantitative analysis are given a more importance as there are new recomendations on the estimations of the total number of child labour.

An Excerpt from the Article:

There might also be misinformation in other sectors where children are employed apart from the industrial ones such as domestic, service, hotels, restaurants, trade, wholesale, retail sectors. If it is considered that the amount of missing child labourers as a ratio is the same in other sectors, the number of children employed under the age of 15 in the non-agricultural sector would be 431.837 rather than the number given as the result of 1979 General Population Census which is only 118.206. If the ones that are looking for vacant places are added this number would rise to 447.373. And if this number is added to the economically active labour force in the whole manifacturing sector, we would get 1.601.431. And the ratio of economically active children under the age 15 to the whole labour force would be %27 rather than %5. (p.112)

Bazı Anahtar Sözcükler:

child labour, child employment, population